Current Issue : April - June Volume : 2016 Issue Number : 2 Articles : 6 Articles
Metal debris from metal-on-metal (MoM) total hip arthroplasties (THA) has been suspected to\ncause periprosthetic heterotopic ossifications (HO). We determined the influence of disseminated\ncobalt, chromium and molybdenum on the development of HO. Native blood samples from patients\nwith 86 high-carbon and 16 low-carbon Co28Cr6Mo articulations were analysed by highresolution\ninductively coupled plasma mass-spectrometry (HR ICP-MS). The results revealed that\nhigh-carbon metal-on-metal articulations showed lower metal blood levels (Co 1.03 to 1.60 �¼g/l,\nCr 0.77 to 0.88 �¼g/l, Mo 0.45 to 0.56 �¼g/l) whereas low-carbon articulations achieved higher metal\nblood levels (Co 2.59 to 6.85 �¼g/l, Cr 1.25 to 3.55 �¼g/l, Mo 0.45 to 0.64 �¼g/l), but no correlation\nbetween metal ion blood level or carbon content and the development of HO could be found in\nthese MoM articulations. Hence, metal debris from MoM articulation does not stimulate heterotopic\nbone formation despite other well-known local reactions....
Background: The inhibitory Fc receptor, Fc�³RIIB, has emerged as a key negative regulator of B cell activation and\nas such is predicted to play an essential role in controlling antibody-mediated autoimmune diseases in humans.\nRecent studies have shown that crosslinking the Fc�³RIIB independently of the B-cell receptor (BCR) results in\napoptosis in both mouse and chicken B cells. However, the human B cell subpopulations that are susceptible\nto BCR-independent, Fc�³RIIB-mediated regulation are not known. How Fc�³RIIB mediates this inhibition to affect\nB cell homeostasis is also not determined.\nResults: We isolated na�¯ve B cells, memory B cells and plasma cells (PCs) from peripheral blood of healthy donors\nand used differentiated PCs in culture to examine the effects on them by Fc�³RIIB crosslinking. We showed that\nhuman PCs, memory and na�¯ve B cells all expressed Fc�³RIIB with expression on PCs being the highest in circulation.\nMoreover, they were sensitive to direct inhibition by Fc�³RIIB through Btk and p38 MAPK. Similarly, PCs resulting\nfrom the antigen-independent differentiation of memory B cells in vitro were inhibited by Fc�³RIIB cross-linking but\nmemory B cell activation itself, as measured by proliferation, was unaffected. In contrast, both the proliferation and\ndifferentiation of na�¯ve B cells to PCs were blocked by Fc�³RIIB crosslinking.\nConclusion: These results suggest a mechanism to control antibody levels involving the differential expression of Fc�³RIIB\non B cell subpopulations, in which the Fc�³RIIB functions independently of the BCR to eliminate antibody-secreting\neffector cells and inhibit na�¯ve B cell proliferation without compromising the long-lived antigen-specific memory B cells.\nImportantly, Fc�³RIIB requires Btk and p38 MAPK to mediate antigen-independent inhibition in human B cells. Taken\ntogether, our data underscore the importance of antigen-independent inhibition by Fc�³RIIB in the prevention from\nantibody-mediated autoimmune diseases and in the regulation of B cell homeostasis....
Purpose. Developing a validated HPLC-DAD method for simultaneous determination of posaconazole (PSZ) and vincristine\n(VCR) in rat plasma. Methods. PSZ, VCR, and itraconazole (ITZ) were extracted from 200 ...
Background: Thrombus formation, a phenomenon primarily related to increased platelet activation, plays a key role\nin cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Although the established antiplatelet agents, such as aspirin and\nclopidogrel, have been shown to be beneficial in treating thromboembolic diseases, they have considerable\nlimitations. Hence, the development of more effective and safe antithrombotic agents is necessary to satisfy a\nsubstantial unmet clinical need. In recent years, the favorable properties of imidazole-related drugs have prompted\nmedicinal chemists to synthesize numerous novel therapeutic agents. The chemical structure of the benzimidazole\nbackbone has proven antiplatelet properties. Moreover, synthetic oligosaccharides have exhibited antiplatelet\nproperties. Therefore, we developed a new aldo-benzimidazole-derived oligosaccharide compound, M3BIM, for\nachieving a stronger antiplatelet effect than the drugs which are being used in clinical aspects. We investigated\nthe effects of M3BIM on platelet activation ex vivo and its antithrombotic activity in vivo.\nResults: M3BIM (10ââ?¬â??50 Ã?¼M) exhibited a more potent activity in inhibiting platelet aggregation stimulated by\ncollagen than it did in inhibiting that stimulated by thrombin in washed human platelets. The M3BIM treatment\nrevealed no cytotoxicity in zebrafish embryos, even at the highest concentration of 100 Ã?¼M. In addition, M3BIM\ninhibited the phosphorylation of phospholipase CÃ?³2, protein kinase C (PKC), and mitogen-activated protein kinases\n(MAPKs; extracellular signal-regulated kinase 2 and c-Jun N-terminal kinase 1), and markedly reduced the ATPrelease\nreaction and intracellular calcium mobilization in collagen-activated platelets. By contrast, M3BIM showed no\neffects on either collagen-induced p38 MAPK and Akt phosphorylation or phorbol 12, 13-dibutyrate-induced PKC\nactivation and platelet aggregation. Moreover, the M3BIM treatment substantially prolonged the closure time in\nhuman whole blood, and increased the occlusion time in mesenteric microvessels and attenuated cerebral\ninfarction in mice. For the study of anticoagulant activities, M3BIM showed no significant effects in the prolongation\nof activated partial thromboplastin time and prothrombin time in mice.\nConclusion: The findings of our study suggest that M3BIM is a potential therapeutic agent for preventing or\ntreating thromboembolic disorders....
The study was carried out to evaluate the influence of lipid blood plasma in patients with stable\nangina on some rheological properties of the erythrocytes. Our study revealed that atherogenic\nlipids increased erythrocyte�s aggregation, but level of high density lipoproteins has no affect\non the aggregation. Erythrocyte deformability of red blood cells was not associated with the\nplasma lipid profile....
We studied in vitro attachment, proliferation and survival of adaver skin fibroblasts in collagen\nbands, dermal matrix and cancellous demineralized bone, enriched with platelet components. It\nwas shown, that PRP enhanced revitalization of collagen grafts, especially followed by components\nof activated or freezed platelets. Fibroblasts had the best rate of proliferative activity in response\nto 150 pg platelet derived growth factor (PDGF), released from 100 million platelets with granules\nand measured for 100 Ã?â?? 103 cultivated cells. The use of platelet-derived material could increase\nfibroblast proliferation activity for 1.5 - 3 times in all types of collagen transplants without damage\nor decay of cellââ?¬â?¢s biological value....
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